When Your Dog Is Hurt: A Calm, Practical Guide to Blood Loss

There’s nothing more terrifying to a pet owner than spotting blood on their pet. Dogs can bleed from a tear in his nails leaving red paw prints, a cut from a walk, or blood in the urine or feces, from a minor scrape to a life-threatening emergency. Deciding what to do in the first few minutes can save your dog’s life and knowing when to stop treating at home and go to your veterinarian can save a life.

Answer:

If your dog is bleeding from a wound, press it firmly and hold the pressure for 5-10 minutes and contact your veterinarian. If bleeding does not stop, if it is spurting, if your dog’s gums are pale or weak, or if blood is seen in urine, stool, vomit or mouth, visit an emergency clinic immediately.

Types of Dog Bleeding

Bleeding can come in many forms and each form gives clues to the severity of the bleeding.

• External Bleeding: Blood is flowing out of the body through the skin. It contains cuts, bite wounds, torn nails and scapes. Oozing blood is less serious than blood that spurts or pours, indicating damage to an artery.
• Internal Bleeding: Internal bleeding is bleeding inside the body and usually there will be no blood evident. This can happen after a car accident, after a fall, after a ruptured tumour or after poisoning, and it is always an emergency.
• Bleeding from Body Openings: Bleeding from body openings refers to nosebleeds, bloody vomit, blood in the stool, blood in the urine and vaginal discharge. These can be a sign of illness, infection, clotting disorders or injury and should be treated by a vet.

Common Causes

There are numerous causes of bleeding in dogs. Most frequently come across are:

• Fights, sharp objects or rough play causing cuts, scratches or punctures
• Bleeding nails are also torn, broken nails that have great blood supply in the nail.
• Blood from gums due to dental disease or chewed object
• Bleeding of ear flaps due to head shaking, biting or ear hematoma.
• Parasites, parvovirus, ulcers and diet problems can cause blood in the stool or vomit.
• Infections, bladder stones or bladder inflammation can cause blood in the urine.
• Uterine infection or tumors in unspayed females, or bleeding from a heat cycle.
• Ingestion of rat poison that prevents blood clotting
• Clotting disorders and low platelets – such as those associated with tick-borne disease or immune disorders
• Internal bleeding, including ruptured splenic mass

When to Seek Emergency Care

In the event of an emergency, this guide should be consulted to determine which veterinary services are needed. If you see any of the following, consider dog bleeding an emergency:

• Sputtering, pouring or oozing blood through a bandage in minutes.
• If bleeding does not stop after 10 minutes of firm pressure,
• Gums that are pale, white or grey.
• Weakness, collapse, rapid breathing, rapid heart rate
• Trauma-induced hard, enlarged abdomen
• Blood in the nose, mouth or rectum from an unknown cause
• If you suspect that your pet has eaten rat poison or experienced bleeding after eating some, please contact your veterinarian.
• A wound that is deep or has been bitten or a foreign object in the body.

Note: Internal bleeding may not be visible. If your dog is quiet, cold or “off” after an accident, visit the same day, even if there is no wound apparent.

First Aid for Dog Bleeding

The first aid kit for dogs with bleeding. Should your dog be bleeding from a wound, follow these steps until you can get him to the vet:

1. Assure your dog and yourself that you are both calm. Pain and fear can make even gentle dogs bite. Use a soft muzzle if necessary, but not if a dog is vomiting, is having trouble breathing or is unconscious.
2. Apply direct pressure. Use clean gauze, towel or clothing. You should press down and hold for 5-10 minutes without lifting your hand to look; this can disrupt the clot that is forming.
3. Do not delete layers, add layers. Add more material and continue pressing if it seepes through.
4. Wrap it. After bleeding subsides, cover with a bandage or self adhesive wrap. Tie snugly, but not too tight, and be sure to get a finger under it. To determine if the wrap is too tight, look for swelling or coolness on the toes of a leg.
5. Raise up, if possible. Elevating a bleeding limb above the heart can help to reduce the flow of blood.
6. Head to the vet. Deep wounds, bites and punctures often require cleaning, stitching, or antibiotics, even when the bleeding has stopped.

What Not to Do

A tourniquet should only be applied for life-threatening bleeding from the limbs as a last resort because it can cause serious damage to the affected tissue. Never remove objects from the body. Avoid using hydrogen peroxide or alcohol on wounds or using human medications like ibuprofen or paracetamol (acetaminophen) as these can be harmful to dogs.

Handling Common Situations

• Bleeding toenail: Apply a Styptic powder to the tip of the nail. If you don’t have one, cornstarch or flour pressed hard on the nail will suffice. With dog still, hold for several minutes.
• Nosebleed: Try to calm your dog down and apply a cold compress to the bridge of his nose. Avoid tilting the head back. Nosebleeds may be a sign of serious illness or poisoning so contact your vet.
• Minor scrape: Thoroughly flush with clean water or sterile saline, dry and maintain clean. Keep away from licking, and monitor for redness, swelling and discharge.
• Presence of blood in urine or faeces: If possible take a new sample, and say how long this has been occurring and make a vet call as soon as possible. If your dog is drowsy, vomits or the blood is thick, go in right away.

Diagnosis and Treatment at the Vet

The diagnosis and treatment of bleeding in Vets. The first priority is to calm your dog down. Your veterinarian may insert an IV catheter into your goat or provide intravenous fluids, pain medication, and medication to help stop the bleeding. Diagnostic tests then pinpoint the cause and may include:

• Blood tests: examination of red cells, platelets and organ function
• Blood sugar levels: indicate blood sugar status and if the blood glucose is becoming elevated.
• X-ray and ultrasound: check for internal injuries, tumors or abdominal fluid.
• Tests of urine and stool: detect infection, parasites or crystals.

The treatment will be directed by the cause. Cleaning and suturing of wounds may be necessary. The treatment for rat poison is to give it vitamin K and sometimes a transfusion. If blood loss is severe, a blood transfusion will be needed, and if there’s a ruptured tumour or internal injury, emergency surgery might be necessary. Promptly intervening can mean the difference between full recovery and a critical outcome in many cases.

Home Care After Treatment

If a dog was seen by a veterinarian for bleeding, it is important to follow the veterinarian’s instructions carefully:

• Wounds must remain clean and dry, bandages changed as instructed and an e-collar used to prevent licking and chewing of wounds.
• Limit activity to allow wounds to heal and administer all medications as ordered.
• If you notice any fresh blood, swelling, foul odor, pus or fever, call your vet.

How to Prevent Injuries and Bleeding

How to stop injuries and bleeding. While not every accident will be avoided, there are some habits that will help reduce the risk of dog bleeding:

• Store rodent baits and poisons securely and do not apply rodenticides in areas where pets are likely to be.
• Regularly cut nails to prevent snags and tears
• Always wear a leash in areas with lots of activity, and keep a secure fence at home.
• Inspect paws and coat after walks for cuts, thorns and ticks.
• Follow your veterinarian’s recommendations for tick and flea prevention.
• Brush teeth and get dental cleaning.
• To prevent some tumors and uterine infections, spay unneutered females.
• Have a pet first aid kit (with a salvinus, self adhesive wrap, styptic powder, saline and your veterinarian’s number).

Conclusion

A calm response makes all the difference when it comes to dog bleeding. Apply firm pressure, cover wound and contact a veterinarian promptly if the bleeding is profuse, does not stop, or is accompanied by pale gums, weakness or collapse. Have a first aid kit at home, know the emergency symptoms and have the number of your vet and the closest emergency clinic saved in your mobile phone. If you have any questions, speak with a vet. Better to be checked than not.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the maximum time to apply pressure to get bleeding to stop?

Apply sustained, firm pressure for 5-10 minutes (no checking). If it doesn’t slow down by that point, place additional layers on top, and visit a vet right away.

When is bleeding in dogs an emergency?

If the bleeding is spurting, if it doesn’t stop after 10 minutes of pressure, if the gums are pale, if your dog is weak or collapsing, or if it is followed by trauma or poison, it is an emergency.

Can I use human antiseptics or painkillers on my dog?

Don’t use hydrogen peroxide or alcohol on wounds because they can be harmful. Do not administer human painkillers such as ibuprofen, naproxen or paracetamol (commonly used for human pain) as these can be toxic to dogs. Ask your vet first.

What do I do if my dog’s nail is bleeding?

Styptic powder or cornstarch can be applied to the tip of the nail and pressure applied firmly. The majority of nail bleeds will fade within a couple of minutes. Do not wait, if it does not stop, see a vet if it is badly broken.

Why is my dog’s nose bleeding?

It is caused by injury, foreign objects, infections, tumors, clotting disorders and poisoning. As it may be a serious issue, reach out to a vet on the day of the occurrence.

What are some of the symptoms of internal bleeding?

Check for pale gums, weakness, cold limbs, rapid breathing, a swollen abdomen and collapse. Dogs can have these symptoms without any blood apparent.

Should my dog be taken to the vet if the blood is in its stool?

It can be. This may be caused by a stomach upset, parasites, parvovirus or ulcers. Black, tarry stool or blood is heavy with vomiting or lethargy requires immediate veterinary attention.

What to do at home in case of emergencies?

Create an emergency first aid kit for pets, make a list of your veterinarian’s and emergency clinic’s phone numbers and know how to apply pressure bandage. Practicing before helps keep you cool.

Cat Urinary Tract Infection: How to Get Help Fast

Your cat has been crying in the litter box, peeing in odd places, or squatting again and again with almost nothing coming out. You grab your phone and type cat UTI vet near me, hoping for someone who can see your pet today. That instinct is right. Urinary problems in cats can turn serious quickly, and knowing what to look for, who to call, and what to say on the phone saves precious time.

Quick answer: If your cat is straining to urinate, passing little or no urine, crying in pain, or vomiting, go to the nearest emergency clinic immediately. For milder signs like frequent small pees or blood in the urine, search for a cat UTI vet near me and book a same-day appointment, since symptoms need a urine test to diagnose.

What Is a Cat UTI?

A urinary tract infection happens when bacteria travel up the urethra and multiply in the bladder or, less often, the kidneys. Many owners use the term “UTI” for any cat peeing problem, but the reality is more nuanced. In young and middle-aged cats, most urinary signs are not caused by bacteria at all. They come from stress-related bladder inflammation, crystals, or stones, a group of problems vets call feline lower urinary tract disease.

True bacterial infections are more common in older cats and in cats with kidney disease, diabetes, or an overactive thyroid, because these conditions produce dilute urine that bacteria thrive in. That is exactly why you need a vet visit. The signs look the same, but the treatment is completely different.

Signs Your Cat May Have a Urinary Problem

Cats hide discomfort, so watch for small changes in bathroom habits:

• Going to the litter box much more often, passing only a little urine each time
• Straining, crying, or yowling while peeing
• Blood in the urine, which may look pink or red
• Urinating outside the box, often on cool surfaces like tile or the bathtub
• Strong-smelling or cloudy urine
• Licking the genital area more than usual
• Hiding, restlessness, reduced appetite, or low energy

Do not assume your cat is constipated or acting out. Straining in the litter box is one of the most commonly misread signs in feline medicine.

Is It an Emergency?

A urethral blockage is the most dangerous urinary emergency, and it is far more common in male cats because their urethra is narrow. When urine cannot leave the body, the bladder swells and waste and potassium build up in the blood, which can affect the heart and kidneys. Without treatment, a blocked cat can die within a day or two.

Skip the regular appointment and go straight to an emergency clinic if your cat:

• Strains repeatedly but produces little or no urine
• Cries out, hides, or is licking constantly at the genital area
• Has a firm, painful belly
• Is vomiting, weak, or collapsing

If your search for a cat UTI vet near me turns up only clinics that are closed, look for 24-hour emergency hospitals instead. Call ahead, tell them it is a possible urinary blockage, and they will prepare for your arrival.

How to Find the Right Cat UTI Vet Near Me

Whether it is midday or midnight, a few smart steps will help you reach the right clinic fast.

Search with specific terms. Try “emergency vet open now,” “24-hour animal hospital,” or “cat urinary vet” in your maps app. Results are sorted by distance and show opening hours, phone numbers, and live traffic so you can see how long the drive will take.

Check recent reviews. Before choosing any cat UTI vet near me, look for comments about how quickly the team responds, how clearly they explain treatment, and whether they handle cats gently. A clinic that is experienced with cats, or a dedicated feline practice, is a bonus.

Call before you drive. Phone the clinic and confirm that a vet is on site, that they can run a urinalysis and bladder ultrasound or X-ray, and that they can treat a blocked cat. Not every clinic is equipped to place a urinary catheter or hospitalize a patient overnight.

Save a backup option. Once you find a reliable cat UTI vet near me, keep the number of your regular vet and the nearest 24-hour hospital in your phone before you ever need them. Emergencies are stressful, and having the details ready makes the decision easier.

Be cautious with online-only advice. Telehealth chats can help you decide how urgent things are, but a urinary infection cannot be diagnosed without testing a urine sample.

What to Ask When You Call

When you phone a cat UTI vet near me, a few questions will help you plan:

• Do you have a vet available today, and how long is the wait?
• Can you collect and test a urine sample during the visit?
• Are you equipped to treat a urinary blockage if that is what it turns out to be?
• What is the exam fee, and can you give a rough estimate of testing costs?
• Should I keep my cat from peeing before the visit so you can collect a sample?

Bring a short list of your cat’s symptoms, how long they have lasted, any medications, and a recent photo of the litter box if you saw blood. If you use a non-absorbent litter or a clean tray, you may be able to catch a fresh urine sample. Ask the clinic first, since they will usually prefer to collect it themselves.

Cat UTI & Urinary Issues: What You Need to Know

Your cat has been crying in the litter box, peeing in odd places, or squatting again and again with almost nothing coming out. You grab your phone and type cat UTI vet near me, hoping for someone who can see your pet today. That instinct is right. Urinary problems in cats can turn serious quickly, and knowing what to look for, who to call, and what to say on the phone saves precious time.

Quick Answer:

If your cat is straining to urinate, passing little or no urine, crying in pain, or vomiting, go to the nearest emergency clinic immediately. For milder signs like frequent small pees or blood in the urine, search for a cat UTI vet near me and book a same-day appointment, since symptoms need a urine test to diagnose.

What Is a Cat UTI?

A urinary tract infection happens when bacteria travel up the urethra and multiply in the bladder or, less often, the kidneys. Many owners use the term “UTI” for any cat peeing problem, but the reality is more nuanced. In young and middle-aged cats, most urinary signs are not caused by bacteria at all. They come from stress-related bladder inflammation, crystals, or stones, a group of problems vets call feline lower urinary tract disease.

True bacterial infections are more common in older cats and in cats with kidney disease, diabetes, or an overactive thyroid, because these conditions produce dilute urine that bacteria thrive in. That is exactly why you need a vet visit. The signs look the same, but the treatment is completely different.

Signs Your Cat May Have a Urinary Problem

Cats hide discomfort, so watch for small changes in bathroom habits:

• Going to the litter box much more often, passing only a little urine each time
• Straining, crying, or yowling while peeing
• Blood in the urine, which may look pink or red
• Urinating outside the box, often on cool surfaces like tile or the bathtub
• Strong-smelling or cloudy urine
• Licking the genital area more than usual
• Hiding, restlessness, reduced appetite, or low energy

Do not assume your cat is constipated or acting out. Straining in the litter box is one of the most commonly misread signs in feline medicine.

Is It an Emergency?

A urethral blockage is the most dangerous urinary emergency, and it is far more common in male cats because their urethra is narrow. When urine cannot leave the body, the bladder swells and waste and potassium build up in the blood, which can affect the heart and kidneys. Without treatment, a blocked cat can die within a day or two.

Skip the regular appointment and go straight to an emergency clinic if your cat:

• Strains repeatedly but produces little or no urine
• Cries out, hides, or is licking constantly at the genital area
• Has a firm, painful belly
• Is vomiting, weak, or collapsing

If your search for a cat UTI vet near me turns up only clinics that are closed, look for 24-hour emergency hospitals instead. Call ahead, tell them it is a possible urinary blockage, and they will prepare for your arrival.

How to Find the Right Cat UTI Vet Near Me

Whether it is midday or midnight, a few smart steps will help you reach the right clinic fast:

1. Search with specific terms. Try “emergency vet open now,” “24-hour animal hospital,” or “cat urinary vet” in your maps app. Results are sorted by distance and show opening hours, phone numbers, and live traffic so you can see how long the drive will take.
2. Check recent reviews. Before choosing any cat UTI vet near me, look for comments about how quickly the team responds, how clearly they explain treatment, and whether they handle cats gently. A clinic that is experienced with cats, or a dedicated feline practice, is a bonus.
3. Call before you drive. Phone the clinic and confirm that a vet is on site, that they can run a urinalysis and bladder ultrasound or X-ray, and that they can treat a blocked cat. Not every clinic is equipped to place a urinary catheter or hospitalize a patient overnight.
4. Save a backup option. Once you find a reliable cat UTI vet near me, keep the number of your regular vet and the nearest 24-hour hospital in your phone before you ever need them. Emergencies are stressful, and having the details ready makes the decision easier.
5. Be cautious with online-only advice. Telehealth chats can help you decide how urgent things are, but a urinary infection cannot be diagnosed without testing a urine sample.

What to Ask When You Call

When you phone a cat UTI vet near me, a few questions will help you plan:

• Do you have a vet available today, and how long is the wait?
• Can you collect and test a urine sample during the visit?
• Are you equipped to treat a urinary blockage if that is what it turns out to be?
• What is the exam fee, and can you give a rough estimate of testing costs?
• Should I keep my cat from peeing before the visit so you can collect a sample?

Bring a short list of your cat’s symptoms, how long they have lasted, any medications, and a recent photo of the litter box if you saw blood. If you use a non-absorbent litter or a clean tray, you may be able to catch a fresh urine sample. Ask the clinic first, since they will usually prefer to collect it themselves.

Diagnosis

Vets use a variety of signs to diagnose a cat UTI. Your veterinarian will begin with a physical exam, using gentle palpation of the bladder. Then they will test, to see what is the cause:

• Urine test: Detects any bacteria, blood, crystals in the urine and the level of concentration.
• Urine culture: The “gold standard” for confirming a bacterial infection and for selecting an antibiotic.
• Older cats: Blood tests should measure the function of the kidneys, blood sugar, and thyroid.
• X-ray or ultrasound: Identifies bladder stones, tumors or structural issues.
• Cystocentesis: A fine needle is used to obtain urine for culture directly from the bladder, which a quick and non-contaminated process provides the most accurate result.

Treatment and Recovery

The treatment dictates solely on the results of the tests.

• Bacterial Infections: Treatment of a confirmed bacterial infection typically involves a course of prescribed antibiotics and pain relief and lots of fluids.
• Sterile Cystitis or Crystals: If it is a sterile cystitis or crystal, then antibiotics won’t work and the treatment your vet will recommend will include a urinary diet, stress reduction, and occasionally medication to relax and alleviate the pain.
• Urinary Blockages: Treatment for a blocked cat will include sedation, urinary catheter, IV fluids and hospitalization. Recovery is generally good if treatment is begun promptly but certain cats may require special diet for life and a few may require surgery if blockages recur.

Important Notes:

• Do not skip doses, even if it seems that your cat is feeling better in a few days. A recheck urine test is recommended by many veterinarians to check for the resolution of the infection.
• Never use human medicines. Ibuprofen (Naproxen), paracetamol (acetaminophen) and other common pain medications are poisonous to cats. Internet recommendations and supplements can be ineffective and may not begin timely treatment.

What Is the Cost of Treatment?

The cost of a foot reflexology treatment can differ from clinic to clinic, country to country and city to city. The simplest and least expensive test is usually a urinalysis, and more complex tests such as culture testing, imaging, and emergency hospitalization cost more. If you call the veterinarian for cat UTI treatment near me, request to have a written estimate and check if they have any payment plans in place. If you have pet insurance, contact your insurance company as soon as possible, as many policies do cover urinary ailments.

Steps to Take to Avoid Urinary Issues

These practices reduce the risk of recurring problems, but don’t guarantee that every case will be avoided:

• Increase water consumption by daily feeding of wet food
• Provide fresh water at multiple locations, or provide a pet fountain
• Maintain clean litter boxes (1 per cat + 1 extra)
• Use hiding spots, perches, scratching posts, and play often to minimize stress
• Eat sensibly and in portions to keep a good weight
• Schedule regular check-ups and discuss any change in bathroom behavior, particularly for older cats

Additionally, keep a cat UTI vet near me as your contact so that in the event that the UTI strikes again, you can check it out swiftly.

Conclusion

If your cat is having trouble urinating, time is of the essence. Know the warning signs, consider any straining where little or no urine is passed an emergency and call ahead before going out. A cat UTI vet near me search a few thoughtful questions and a urine test can make a doozy of a situation into a manageable one. Have the details of your clinic on hand, understand and monitor litter box and watering patterns, and never wait to see if symptoms will go away.

Frequently Asked Questions

What can I do to tell if my cat has a UTI or not?

It is not possible to diagnose by symptoms. The signs are the same in all cases of bacterial infections, bladder inflammation, crystals, and blockages. The only way to determine which is your cats is by having a urinalysis and sometimes a urine culture done.

Will a feline UTI improve without treatment?

A few days later, some bladder inflammation can resolve; however, if a bacterial infection is present, antibiotics are required. It is important that each episode be examined by a veterinarian, since a blockage can occur in a matter of hours, particularly in males.

If my cat is straining and unable to pee, what do I do?

Treat is it a crisis. Call nearest emergency clinic and leave immediately. If a cat is blocked, he or she may become very ill in a few hours.

What is the time frame for antibiotics to be effective?

Usually, the cat improves in a few days, but it is necessary to complete the course, which lasts for one week or more, depending on the recommendations.

May I use cranberry or home remedies on my cat?

There is little evidence of cranberry in cats and home remedies should not replace diagnosis. Please consult your vet before administering any supplements and do not administer human painkillers.

Which cats are at highest risk?

Bacterial infections are more common in older cats, cats with kidney disease, diabetes, or hyperthyroidism, and in cats that don’t drink enough water. Males who are overweight, kept indoors and neutered are at a higher risk of blockages.

Where can I get a urine sample at home?

Ask your vet first. Some clinics provide a litter that does not absorb. Some clinics offer a litter to collect. Often the vet will take the sample directly from the bladder during the visit for the most accurate test.

Can other pets or humans get urinary problems from a cat with an infection?

No. Urinary tract infections and inflammation of the bladder are not contagious in cats. But, if there is the conflict between the cats in the same house, then there are flare-ups.

Feline Diabetes Mellitus: A Practical Guide for Cat Owners

When your cat begins drinking more water, making big lumps in the litter box, and then continues to lose weight even though he’s eating a lot, it’s time to consult with a veterinarian about cat diabetes. This chronic disease is more common among older cats and occurs in about 1 in every few hundred cats. The great thing about diabetes is that many diabetic cats live long, happy and comfortable lives with insulin and the right food, and some even enter into remission.

In other words, the answer is: A diabetes mellitus is a disease in which the blood sugar remains elevated in cats, due to a inability to produce or effectively use insulin. The classic symptoms include an excessive thirst, frequent urination, weight loss and the insatiable appetite. It can be treated with diet, insulin and regular monitoring.

Diabetes in Cats?

Insulin is a hormone responsible for transporting glucose from the blood to the cells inside the body to give the cells energy. Diabetes mellitus in cats occurs when the cat’s pancreas no longer produces enough insulin, or when the cat’s body no longer uses it normally. Subsequently, glucose accumulates in the blood, passes into the urine and is able to remove additional water from the body. While a cat’s cells are deprived of fuel, the body begins to use fat and muscle for fuel.

The majority of cats with diabetes have a similar type to type 2 diabetes in humans. Eventually the cells become insuline-resistant and the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas begin to deteriorate. Fewer cats get diabetes as a secondary disease, from another more primary disease (such as diabetes from pancreatitis or from chronic use of steroids).

Symptoms to Watch For

Early signs are hard to discern, as they are gradual. Symptoms of diabetes in cats include:

• Increasing water consumption beyond usual levels
• Urinating more frequently, in larger amounts in the litter box
• Weight loss with high appetites
• Sluggishness, decreased play or jump activity
• A dull, greasy or unkempt coat

In severe cases, vomiting or decreased appetite may occur.

Weak hind legs and heels on the ground (a flat-footed gait)

This final posture is referred to as plantigrade posture. This is due to damage to the nerves that results from high blood sugars for a prolonged period. This is a good reason to make a vet appointment ASAP since it will often improve when glucose is under control.

So, what causes diabetes in cats?

Often, there’s no single cause. Rather, multiple risk factors are compounded.

• Obesity: The greatest modifiable risk factor is excess body fat. Fat tissue makes cells less responsive to insulin, which increases the likelihood of disease in overweight cats by several times.
• Age: Most cats are diagnosed after 8 years of age.
• Sex and neutering: Males are at a greater risk than females.
• Breed: The condition is more common in Burmese cats, especially in Australia, the UK and NZ.
• Diet and inactivity: Cats that are kept indoors and fed dry high-carbohydrate food and do little exercise to get their energy needs are at a higher risk for weight gain.
• Other diseases and drugs: All of the following can contribute: pancreatitis, changes in the treatment of hyperthyroidism, acromegaly, and use of steroids.

Emergency Warning: Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Without enough insulin, a cat’s body will start to burn fat too fast, resulting in the accumulation of acids in the blood called ketones. This is a life-threatening complication that is called diabetic ketoacidosis – or DKA. Undiagnosed cats often present to the clinic initially like this.

If your cat:

Seek emergency veterinary attention immediately if your cat:

• Repeated vomiting or not eating at all
• Looks very weak, wobbly or doesn’t respond
• Is short of breath or gasps for air
• Produces sweet, or nail polish remover-like, smelling breath
• Has yellow gums or skin

DKA typically needs to be treated at a hospital, where one is given intravenous fluids, insulin and electrolyte support. Early treatment is best to increase the likelihood of recovery.

Vets Diagnose Feline Diabetes

More than one high glucose reading is necessary to diagnose as stressed cats may have a temporary spike referred to as ‘stress hyperglycemia’. Your veterinarian will check for elevated glucose levels in your blood, urinalysis for glucose, and associated clinical signs. Common tests include:

• Blood glucose: indicates the amount of sugar in the blood at a given moment
• Fructosamine: measures the average glucose levels in the blood over the last 2 to 3 weeks, and can be used to distinguish diabetes from stress.
• Urine tests – urinalysis and urine culture – check for glucose, ketones, and infection
• Blood chemistry and thyroid tests: check for kidney disease, pancreatitis and hyperthyroidism

Treatment Options

Diabetes treatment for cats is a joint effort between you and your veterinarian. Most plans include three components- insulin, diet and monitoring.

• Insulin therapy: Insulin is typically administered twice daily, under the skin, to most cats. Needles are very small and most cats don’t mind them at all – if they do, it’s best to offer them a meal or treat simultaneously. Your veterinarian will determine the type of insulin and initial dosage and adjust it over a period of several weeks, do not adjust the dose without your vet’s instructions.
• Oral/newer options: In some countries, an oral medication of the SGLT2 inhibitor class has been approved for cats who are stable and do not require insulin. Your veterinarian will be able to determine if it is right for your cat.
• Home monitoring: Many owners will learn to use a small glucose meter and/or wearable continuous glucose monitor, and maintain a very simple daily record of their pets’ appetite, water intake, and litter box output.
• Regular rechecks: Early on expect frequent visits, and then every few months once your cat’s stable.

Cat Diabetic Diet

One of the strongest weapons you can use is food. Cats are obligate carnivores and a diet rich in protein and low in carbohydrates helps to maintain stable blood sugar levels after eating. This is typically accomplished by feeding canned wet food, and there are also diabetic diets for prescription use.

Have a scheduled meal time, with insulin doses, and don’t leave food on the table all day. If your cat is overweight, gradually lose the weight with your vet’s advice; rapid weight loss can result in a serious liver issue. Always have fresh water available.

Low Blood Sugar: Become familiar with the signs and symptoms

Hypoglycemia occurs when a person’s blood sugar gets too low, typically after taking too much insulin or forgetting a meal. Symptoms are trembling, wobbliness, glassy eyes, weakness and seizures. Rub a tiny bit of honey, or corn syrup, on the gums, if your cat is awake and can swallow, and call your vet right away. Take your cat to an emergency clinic if he is unresponsive or is having a seizure. A cat should not be given insulin if it is not eating, unless your veterinarian approves.

Is it possible to have remissions of diabetes?

Yes. Remission is when a cat is able to maintain normal blood sugar without insulin. It is more likely if treatment is started early in the disease process, if the cat is on a low carbohydrate diet, and if blood sugar is kept well controlled during the first few months of treatment. The disease may recur, so always feed the appropriate diet and have regular veterinary checkups – remission is not a cure.

Guide your cat to reducing the risk

Help your cat to reduce the risk.

While not all cases are preventable, there are a few habits that decreases the likelihood of diabetes in cats:

• Feed your cat using measured amounts (not free-fed) to keep him lean.
• Eat a diet high in protein with fewer carbohydrates (wet food)
• Encourage playing with wand toys, climbing trees and puzzle feeders every day.
• Have regular check-ups at the veterinarian’s office year-round, and twice a year for cats over 10 years old.
• If taking steroids for a long time, please consult your vet first

Conclusion

In cats, diabetes is a serious, but manageable disease. If you notice any of these symptoms, such as increased thirst, frequent urination, and weight loss despite good appetite, watch for them and get them seen by your vet as soon as possible. On the other hand, there are many cats that live years on insulin, a low carbohydrate, high protein diet, and regular monitoring and many cats achieve remission. The most important thing you can do for your cat is to take action early on.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What are the first signs of feline diabetes?

The initial symptoms are thirst, increased urination and weight loss despite a normal diet. Some symptoms you might notice are that your cat is less active or has a dull coat.

2. Can you cure diabetes in cats?

It’s not a disease that can be cured, but it can enter into remission. If a cat is in remission, his blood sugar remains normal without insulin and this is typically achieved through early treatment and using a low carbohydrate diet.

3. What is the life span of a diabetic cat?

With proper management, the cat lives for several years after diagnosis and some do live to normal life span. Affects outcomes depending on age, other diseases, and adherence to treatment.

4. Do insulin injections in cats cause problems?

Most owners find it to be less difficult than they anticipated. The needle is very fine, and usually cats will only minimally flinch, especially if injections are administered during feeding time. Your veterinarian or technician will demonstrate how to do this.

5. What are the costs of treatment?

Depending on the country and clinic, costs will differ. The initial testing and stabilization costs will be the highest, followed by insulin, syringes, special food and periodic rechecks.

6. Is dry food a cause of feline diabetes?

The disease is not caused directly by the dry food, but a high carbohydrate diet may lead to obesity, which is a significant risk factor. A lot of vets recommend a high protein food that is moist.

7. Are treats safe for diabetics?

If the treats are low in carbohydrates and within the daily calorie limit, then, yes, occasionally. They are often given plain cooked meats or freeze dried meat treats, although it is essential to consult with your vet.

8. When is it an emergency?

Take your cat to an emergency vet if he/she is dragging its feet, wobbly, seizing, has sweet smelling breath, vomiting and is very weak. They can indicate dangerously low blood sugar or tell of ketoacidosis.

Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease: A Complete Guide for Cat Owners

Your cat may be suffering from FLUTD if the litter box is often being approached, if your cat cries while urinating or if there are small puddles around the house. It is a common cause of veterinary visits in cats, and is also known as feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD). It may be fatal in male cats in just hours. This is a guide to what you’re looking for, why it occurs, how to get your cat’s vet to help, and how you can reduce the risk at home.

So, the short answer is that FLUTD refers to a number of conditions affecting the bladder and urethra of a cat, which lead to difficulty urinating, or urination that is painful and/or frequent. If the cat is straining to pee and is not producing urine, it requires emergency veterinary treatment right away.

What is FLUTD in Cats?

Feline lower urinary tract disease is an umbrella term and not a diagnosis in its own right. It involves any issue that involves the bladder and the tube that carries urine out of the body (urethra). FLUTD is not diagnosed by any single test as many conditions can give the same uncomfortable symptoms.

It can affect cats of any age, but is most common in middle-aged, obese, indoor cats who consume a diet of dry food and do not exercise much. Male cats are at more risk since the urethra is thinner and crystals, mucus plugs or small stones can block it.

Some signs and symptoms of the disease include:

Cats will never display any type of pain, so it’s important to look out for small changes. Symptoms of FLUTD are:

• Urine is passed regularly but small amounts of urine are passed.
• Urinating is prolonged or challenging due to straining, crying or yowling
• Blood in the urine (pink/red colour)
• Urinating outside the litter box, which is frequently on cool, smooth surfaces, such as tiles or bathtubs.
• Too much licking of the genitals
• Restlessness, hiding or sudden irritability

In more severe cases, vomiting, lethargy or lack of appetite occurs.

Straining is often confused by owners for constipation. If the cat squatts continuously and does not get anything out treat it as an emergency.

What Causes FLUTD?

Causes are in several broad categories and occasionally multiple.

• Idiopathic cystitis: This is the most common cause which makes up over 50% of cases. If no cause for the disease is found, it’s called “idiopathic.” Changes in routine, increased stress, living with other pets, and a lack of enrichment inside are all suggested to be closely associated with flare-ups.
• Urolithiasis (stones in the bladder) and urinary crystals: Crystals or stones, like struvite and calcium oxalate, can irritate the bladder lining and cause blockages in the urethra.
• Urethral plugs: A combination of mucous, cells and crystals can form a plug, especially in males.
• Bacterial infection: Urinary tract infections are uncommon in cats, but they do happen, particularly in older cats and those with other diseases that affect the urinary tract, such as kidney disease and diabetes.
• Other causes: Less common, but possible, are tumors, anatomy abnormalities and injury to the urinary tract.

Some of the risk factors are obesity, low water consumption, living in an indoor environment, having multiple cats in the household, and being neutered and a male cat.

Is It an Emergency? Urethral Obstruction

The most serious complication of FLUTD is a blockage of the urethra. As the urine builds up in the bladder, the toxins and potassium levels increase in the blood and the heart and kidneys are severely affected. If not treated, a cat with a blocked litter box can die in 24 to 72 hours.

Go to an emergency vet immediately if your cat:

• Repeatedly strains, but doesn’t pass very much urine
• Is constantly crying or whimpering and hides
• Has hard, painful belly
• Vomits, weak or collapses

Don’t wait and see if it passes. If treated early, the outcome is much more satisfactory, and it is delaying treatment that can make a manageable problem into a crisis.

How Vets Diagnose the Problem

Your veterinarian will begin with a physical exam by palpating or feeling the bladder to determine if it is enlarged or painful. From there, standard tests performed are:

• Test of the urine (urinalysis) to look for blood, crystals, bacteria and urine concentration.
• Urine culture: confirmation of infection or elimination of infection
• Blood tests: to check kidney function and electrolyte levels (particularly in blocked cats)
• X-rays or ultrasound: shows bladder stones, tumors or abnormalities in structure.

If all the tests are negative, the diagnosis is typically idiopathic cystitis, but not “cured” and it is treated.

Treatment Options

The treatment of FLUTD will depend on the cause and the severity of the signs.

• Unblocking the urethra: A sedated cat will have a catheter inserted to allow urine to flow. Typically, hospitalization with intravenous fluids, pain medication and observation are required.
• Control of pain and spasms: Numerous cats require pain medication and urethral relaxant drugs even if there is no blockage.
• Prescription diets: Foods that are good for the kidneys can break up stones and crystals, and can prevent the growth of new stones.
• Antibiotics: Only used in the case of a confirmed bacterial infection. Giving them to uninfected individuals won’t help, and may build resistance.
• Surgery: It may be necessary to remove large stones. Cats which have had multiple blockages may be suitable for a procedure called perineal urethrostomy which enlarges the urethral opening.
• Stress reduction: Whereas, in idiopathic cystitis, environment changes are as significant as any medication.

Preventing FLUTD in Cats

But the key is that this can be managed most of the time with basic lifestyle changes. Dilute urine, calm environment and healthy weight are the answers to prevention.

• Increase water intake: Provide moist food on a daily basis, because it is much wetter than kibble! Get a pet water fountain, set several water bowls around the house and avoid having them near the litter box.
• Give a doctor-approved diet: If your cat has any previous urinary issues, be sure to consult your vet and use a prescription urinary diet. Do not make abrupt changes in foods.
• Ensure that litter boxes are both clean and there: One box per cat plus one additional Box that should be scooped each day and located in quiet areas. Dirty boxes are not used and many cats can hold their urine, aggravating the irritation.
• Reduce stress: Offer hiding places, vertical space including cat trees, scratching posts and window perches. Continue feeding & play routine. Some anxious cats can benefit from a pheromone diffuser.
• Play and exercise encouraged: Interactive play helps to burn calories, reduce stress and curb boredom on a daily basis.
• Maintain a healthy weight: Portion control and a target weight from your veterinarian will help reduce the risk of urinary issues due to obesity.
• Schedule regular check-ups: Once a cat has had one episode, it is likely to occur again, so it helps to monitor their litter box habits and to follow up with urine testing.

Outlook and Recurrence

Most cats improve after the cause is identified, but it is common for them to return. Particularly, cats with idiopathic cystitis tend to return. Research indicates that, if left untreated, a large percentage of cats will suffer another episode within a year or two. This is the reason why long-term management is as important as the first treatment.

Maintain a simple notebook to track litter box behaviors, water consumption, and changes in your environment, including visitors, rearranging furniture or getting a new pet. Patterns can occur that indicate triggers. Take this log with you to future visits as it will aid your veterinarian in making further dietary and environmental adjustments.

If you see early indications, like additional time in the litter box or a number of spills of blood, contact your Vet the same day rather than delay. It’s best to catch a flare-up early, as this could lead to a speedy recovery and a reduced bill.

Conclusion

FLUTD is a frequently occurring, painful and potentially harmful condition; however it is very manageable if detected early. Know the signs, consider any straining that does not produce urine as an emergency and consult with your veterinarian regarding diet, hydration and stress control. Simple steps such as giving wet food, more water bowls and a more peaceful home can help maintain your cat’s urinary tract health for many years. If your cat changes his or her bathroom habits, take it seriously and contact your veterinarian.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What are the first signs of feline lower urinary tract disease?

The first symptoms are an increased number of visits to the litter box, straining, passing little amounts of urine, blood in the urine and urination outside the litter box. There is also excessive licking of the genital area.

2. Is there a way that this will pass?

Most cases of idiopathic cystitis are mild and last for a week or two, but they tend to recur. A blockage may happen rapidly – particularly in males – and should always be examined by a vet.

3. What’s the expense of treatment?

Costs vary widely. A basic examination and urinalysis is relatively inexpensive, and emergency treatment of a blocked cat (catheterization, hospitalization) can cost hundreds or thousands of dollars, depending on the location and severity.

4. Who are the cats most vulnerable?

Cats with a habit of eating a lot of dry food, drinking very little water and being overweight, middle-aged cats are at the greatest risk. Males are most at risk for life-threatening blockages, especially when they are castrated.

5. Are dry food harmful for cats’ urine?

Dry food isn’t the only culprit, but the moisture content that is low in dry food results in more concentrated urine that is conducive to promoting the formation of crystals. Wet food or a combination of wet and dry foods will help to keep the urine diluted.

6. Can it be transmitted to other pets?

No. It’s not contagious. But, there can be conflicts between cats in the same household that lead to flare-ups.

7. When do I need to take my cat to the emergency vet?

If your cat is straining but not urinating, crying in pain, vomiting or lazy, go immediately. These may indicate a blockage in the urethra (tube that carries urine out of the body) and it is a medical emergency.

8. Are stress really a cause of urinary problems in cats?

Yes. One of the most well documented causes of idiopathic cystitis is stress. Cats may suffer a flare-up triggered by changes in routine, the introduction of pets, noises and conflict with other cats, and this is why environmental enrichment is a component of treatment.

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) in Dogs: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

A UTI in dogs could be your problem if they’ve all a sudden started to have accidents in the house, strain to urinate or have begun licking themselves more than usual. UTIs in dogs are one of the most frequently seen conditions by vets, although the condition is uncomfortable for your dog, it is relatively easy to diagnose and treat if detected early. We hope pet owners at Grove Center Vet will be able to know what a UTI in dogs is, how it can occur and what can be done if you think your dog has one.

What is a UTI in Dogs?

UTIs in dogs are caused by the bacteria entering the urinary tract via the urethra and multiplying in the bladder. The urinary tract is the place where this bacterial accumulation causes inflammation, discomfort and is what most owners report to us. UTIs in dogs usually occur in the bladder, but if the infection spreads up to the kidneys, it becomes a more serious infection known as pyelonephritis.

Female dogs are more likely to get a UTI than males because their urethra is shorter and wider to allow bacteria to ascend upward. But dogs with certain health issues such as diabetes, older dogs and male dogs are also at risk.

Common Causes of UTI in Dogs

Learning about the causes of UTIs in dogs can help you prevent them from occurring in the first place. The most common are:

• Bacterial contamination: In dogs, the most common cause of a UTI is the presence of bacteria, most often E. coli but sometimes other bacteria such as Staphylococcus and Proteus may be responsible.
• Bladder stones or crystals: These can cause irritation to the lining of the bladder, and act as a breeding ground for bacteria.
• Weakened immune system: Dogs who have been ill, are undergoing chemotherapy or are on long-term steroids are more susceptible.
• Anatomical abnormalities: Some dogs may have abnormalities in the urinary tract that increase the risk of urinary infection.
• Diabetes: Diabetic dogs often have a UTI because the excess sugar in the urine provides a breeding ground for bacteria.
• Holding urine for too long or poor hygiene: Dogs that don’t have a lot of bathroom time are more likely to have bacteria accumulation.
• Age related: As dogs age, their bladder muscles and immune system become weaker, increasing the risk of a UTI.

Symptoms of UTI in Dogs

If your dog has a UTI, you may notice the following symptoms:

It’s important to catch signs of discomfort early so that you can help your dog to feel better almost immediately. Dogs with a UTI may experience any of the following symptoms:

1. Increased urination: Your dog may want to go outside more often, but only may urinate small amounts.
2. Straining or obstructing urination: This is a clear sign of a UTI in dogs that should never be overlooked.
3. Blood in the urine: No matter how small a trace of blood, it may be a sign of irritation because of an infection.
4. Accidents in the home: If a dog that has been house trained suddenly has an accident, this is a big indicator.
5. Cloudy urine or strong odor: The chemical makeup and odor of urine is altered by infection.
6. Excessive licking of the genital area: Dogs will try to alleviate the irritation.
7. Lethargy or loss of appetite: In a more advanced stage, the dogs will appear generally unwell.
8. Fever: Infection may travel to kidneys causing fever.

When these symptoms are seen in combination, it is a red flag indicating that your dog may have a UTI that should be evaluated by a veterinarian.

How Grove Center Vet Diagnoses a UTI in Dogs

A physical examination and thorough history of your dog’s symptoms will begin the process of diagnosing a UTI. Our veterinary staff usually suggests:

• Chemistry of the urine: This is a test to look for bacteria, blood cells, crystals, and pH imbalances in the urine.
• Urine culture and sensitivity: This helps to find the specific bacteria that is responsible for the infection and allows for the selection of antibiotics that will be most effective.
• Bloodwork: In recurrent cases, bloodwork can help eliminate other possible underlying causes of the UTI such as diabetes or kidney disease.
• Imaging (X-ray or ultrasound): If bladder stones or structural problems are suspected, imaging plays an important role in diagnosis and to exclude complications.

Correct diagnosis is critical as treating a UTI in a dog without knowing what bacteria is causing the infection can be ineffective and over time can build up a resistance to antibiotic treatment.

Treatment Options for UTI in Dog

The positive thing is that the majority of canine UTIs can be treated quite successfully. Your veterinarian will decide on the treatment based on the severity and cause of your dog’s symptoms, so treatment may involve:

• Antibiotics – These are used as the main treatment for a bacterial UTI, and are usually prescribed for 7-14 days depending on how severe it is, in dogs.
• Anti-inflammatory medications: will help to alleviate any symptoms of pain while awaiting the effects of the antibiotics.
• More water: Make it more likely that bacteria will be washed out of your dog’s urinary tract quickly.
• Dietary changes: If a dog is having recurrent urinary tract infections that are associated with bladder stones or crystals, then a prescription urinary diet may be recommended.

In very rare cases where large bladder stones are present or the bladder’s anatomy is abnormal, surgery may be required to help prevent future infections.

Even if your dog appears to be recovering after a few days, it’s important to finish the entire course of antibiotics. One of the most frequent causes of a UTI recurring or not improving in dogs is not finishing the treatment.

How to Prevent UTI in Dogs

Not all dog urinary tract infections can be prevented, but there are steps that owners can take to greatly minimize the risk:

• Make sure that fresh clean water is available at all times to ensure frequent urination.
• Give your dog regular toilet trips so he doesn’t have to hold its urine too long.
• Keep in mind good hygiene practices, particularly for long haired breeds and female dogs.
• Properly feed a balanced diet, suitable for your dog’s age and health requirements.
• Make regular veterinary appointments to identify early signs before they get out of hand.
• Watch for abnormal drinking and urination patterns, particularly for older dogs or dogs with chronic diseases.

Regular preventive treatment is one of the most effective treatments available to decrease the likelihood of UTIs recurring in affected dogs, especially in breeds and individuals with a high risk for recurrent UTIs.

Call Grove Center Vet If You Have Any Questions About the Health of Your Pet

If a dog shows any symptoms of a UTI, do not put it off for a later date if symptoms are worsening. A simple bladder infection can turn into a kidney infection, a much more severe and expensive to treat condition. We’re here at Grove Center Vet to help get your dog feeling like themselves again as soon as possible, and will be able to diagnose and treat any urinary problems in a timely fashion.

Conclusion

UTI can be treated and is a common condition if discovered in a timely fashion. The symptoms include frequent urination, straining, blood in the urine, lethargy and more, and are often very obvious enough for an attentive pet owner to catch quickly. Most dogs make a full recovery with early diagnosis, proper antibiotics and supportive treatment within a week or two. Let your dog’s health and comfort be your priority, and if your dog is displaying any signs of discomfort when urinating, don’t hesitate to make an appointment with Grove Center Vet to get your dog the treatment he needs as early as possible.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. How to recognize that your dog has a UTI?

Symptoms include frequent urination, straining to urinate, urine with blood, indoor accidents, and excessive licking of the genital area. If you see these signs, see the veterinarian.

2. Do dogs with UTI clear up on their own?

It’s rare for a UTI to resolve without treatment. Most cases need antibiotic treatment to eradicate the infection and to prevent it from passing to the kidneys.

3. Does a UTI hurt dogs?

Yes, they may have a UTI and they will often be very uncomfortable or painful when they have to go to the toilet and become very irritated in the lower abdomen.

4. What is the duration of a dog’s UTI?

With antibiotic treatment most infections resolve in 7 to 14 days, but some are more severe or recurrent, in which case it may take longer.

5. Do male dogs get UTI’s as well?

Yes, male dogs can also get UTIs, though it’s less frequently seen compared to female dogs, particularly if they have prostate or bladder disease.

6. What foods can help prevent UTI in dogs?

Diets that are healthy for the urinary tract and promote adequate fluid intake can help. If your dog is prone to urinary infections, your vet may prescribe a special urinary care formula.

7. Do some breeds of dogs have a higher risk of developing UTIs?

Dogs with skin folds around the genitals, such as Bulldogs and Basset Hounds, and senior dogs are at greater risk of infection.

8. Is there a connection between a dog’s stress and UTI?

Stress does not cause bacterial infections but it may cause a person’s immune system to become weak, thus increasing the likelihood of a UTI.

9. What are the consequences of not treating a UTI in dogs?

If not treated, infections can travel to the kidneys, causing a more severe and life threatening illness called pyelonephritis.

10. How often should I bring my dog to Grove Center Vet for urination problems?

If your dog exhibits symptoms such as straining, blood in urine, frequent accidents or lethargy, see your vet immediately, as your dog’s symptoms may not resolve.

Why Is My Dog Losing Hair? A Complete Guide for Worried Owners

If you see a lot of fur on the couch, or if your dog has bald patches on its skin, it’s easy to come to the conclusion that the reason is that your dog is losing hair. It’s one of the most frequent issues presented at Grove Center Veterinary Hospital and there’s a reason for that: hair loss in dogs can indicate a wide variety of issues, ranging from seasonal shedding to the presence of a medical condition that requires treatment. Because there are many different reasons why dogs lose their hair, when owners ask, “Why is my dog losing hair?,” the answer will depend on the pattern of hair loss, if there are any symptoms, and the overall health history of the dog.

This guide explains the most frequent causes of a dog’s hair loss, when the hair loss might indicate a more serious underlying issue, when to contact your veterinarian, and what might be the treatment plan. Knowing the reason for your dog’s early baldness could be the key to a simple and rapid solution versus a more chronic and uncomfortable experience for the dog.

Why Is My Dog Losing Hair? The Short Answer

There are a number of common general reasons why certain dogs lose their fur, including allergies, parasites, hormonal imbalances, infections and stress. While it is normal to lose hair from time to time, particularly during the spring and autumn shedding season of double-coated animals, if you are wondering: why is my dog losing hair in patches, unevenly, or with itching and redness, then it’s time to investigate further. The distribution, extent and rate of hair loss all provide useful information on the cause of the loss.

There are certain medical causes of hair loss that are common in dogs. Certain medical causes of hair loss are widespread, for dogs.

The most common conditions veterinarians see when clients ask, “Why is my dog losing hair?” are:

1. Allergies

One of the most frequent responses to the question of why is a dog losing hair is that they are allergic to something, such as the food they are eating or a flea or environmental allergens such as pollen and dust mites. Itching is a very common symptom of an allergy that will cause a dog to scratch and lick in excessive amounts, resulting in hair loss on the affected area.

2. Fleas and other parasites

One of the common reasons given when owners ask why is my dog losing hair is the fleas, particularly around the tail, groin and back legs. There are dogs that get a reaction from a flea bite, leading to flea allergy dermatitis: so severe that they become itchy and start losing hair from just a single bite. Other causes to consider are parasites such as mange caused by mites.

3. Hormonal Imbalances

For middle age and senior dogs, there are answers for why is my dog losing hair, such as hypothyroidism and Cushing’s disease. Usually, this is a symmetrical process of hair loss and does not cause itching (unlike allergic causes of hair loss).

4. Fungal or Bacterial Infections

Although the name suggests otherwise, ringworm is a fungal infection and one of the most common causes of dog hair loss and is the cause that many owners ask why is my dog losing hair in circular crusty patches. Patches of hair loss may also result from bacterial skin infections, which may be accompanied by an odor, redness or pus-filled bumps.

5. Stress or Anxiety

One of the reasons why is my dog losing hair is a chronic stress and anxiety. Stress can cause some dogs to lick or chew in certain areas to the extent of causing bald spots, especially on legs or paws.

6. Poor Nutrition

Sometimes, an unbalanced or poor diet is responsible for the loss of hair in dogs. A lack of needed fatty acids, protein or some vitamins can cause this, as the coat strength will be compromised resulting in shedding or thinning fur.

7. Autoimmune Conditions

Rarerly, autoimmune diseases also can contribute to the reasons why is my dog losing hair, especially if the hair loss is accompanied with skin lesions, crusting or changes to pigmentation.

Non-Medical Causes of Hair Loss

Sometimes, the loss of hair is not related to a health issue. Let’s try considering these more benign explanations first:

• Shedding: Some breeds shed a lot in the spring and fall due to the changing weather.
• Normal ageing: As dogs get older their coats may naturally become thinner, which is not a disease.
• Rubbing or friction: Rubbing or friction can cause the loss of hair on the elbows or hips.
• Recent grooming or clipping: This is a very short cut, and can sometimes appear to be hair loss until it grows back in.

Even when all these simpler causes have been eliminated, it may still seem logical to seek veterinary advice if you’re still wondering why is my dog losing hair?

Symptoms That Can Accompany Hair Loss

Do not solely concentrate on the loss of the fur when asking the question why is my dog losing hair. Look for the following symptoms to help your vet determine the cause:

• Rusting, scabbing or crusting of the skin
• Excessive scratching, licking or chewing
• Smelly skin or coat
• Any changes in skin color or thickening
• Lethargy or weight gain, that may indicate hormonal issues
• Fleas or flea dirt are visible, or mites can be seen
• Pupils will show signs of stress or discomfort through behaviour

When you notice the symptoms of losing hair along with several of these, it is crucial that you have your dog checked by a vetenarian as soon as possible as to why is my dog losing hair?

When to Take Your Dog to the Vet?

If you are wondering why my dog is losing hair and the shedding is more than usual, patchy, or accompanied by itching, skin changes, then it’s time to make an appointment at Grove Center Veterinary Hospital. If you experience any of these there is a reason to seek treatment early:

• Grasps that any skin that is open, scabbed or bleeding ought to be avoided.
• A definite smell from the skin.
• Sudden and extensive hairfalls
• Changes in body weight or drowsiness
• Difficulty getting comfortable in the horse’s mouth

Waiting too long to find out the cause of a dog losing hair may mean that a condition such as infection or allergy will get worse and cause your dog more discomfort and longer treatment time.

How Your Vet Determines the Cause of Hair Loss

Your veterinarian will normally use a combination of the following to determine the reason for your dog’s hair loss:

1. Examination of the hair loss pattern, location and physical examination of the skin.
2. Skin scraping: looking for mites, mange, or parasites under a microscope.
3. Culture of fungus: examination for ringworm or other fungal diseases.
4. Bloodwork: testing thyroid function and screening for other hormone imbalances, such as Cushing’s disease.
5. Allergy testing or elimination diet: determining what food and/or environmental allergies are leading to hair loss.

These diagnostics help your veterinarian go from a general question (“Why is my dog losing hair?”) to a specific, treatable diagnosis and treatment plan.

Caring for Your Dog’s Coat at Home

In addition to working with your veterinarian to find out why is my dog losing hair, there are a couple of things you can do at home that can help keep your dog’s skin and coat healthy:

• Provide good high-quality, balanced diet including protein and omega fatty acids.
• Continue year round flea and parasite control.
• Brush your dog often to spread the natural oils of the coat and catch potential problems right away.
• Try not to use harsh shampoos that will dry out sensitive skin.
• Record when hair loss began and if there is any behavioral change and share with the vet.

Grove Center Veterinary Hospital’s Benefits

Now, if you’ve been scouring the Internet for why is my dog losing hair, bringing your dog to an experienced veterinary team will be the best method to get real answers. In Grove Center Veterinary Hospital, we perform a complete examination of your dog’s skin and coat along with cutting-edge diagnostic testing to uncover the root cause of your dog’s hair loss and not leave you to guess. Changes in your dog’s coat can be alarming and we are here to help you from diagnosis to treatment.

Conclusion

So what is causing my dog to shed? It may be as simple as seasonal shedding or as complicated as an allergy, parasites, hormonal imbalance or infection. The pattern and the symptoms are hugely important so you’d better listen up carefully than to guess. If you have been wondering, what is causing my dog to lose hair for more than a couple of days, plus any changes in it, itching, redness, etc., please come visit Grove Center Veterinary Hospital to get a good diagnosis and have your dog feel better.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What is causing my dog to experience balding and hair loss in patches?

Fungal infections such as ringworm or mite or local allergy can cause patchy hair loss. A veterinary examination and testing will be able to determine the exact cause.

Do dogs shed excessively in the fall?

Yes, all breeds shed on a regular basis in spring and fall as they change their coats to accommodate the seasons. This shedding does not tend to be irritating and is generally even.

What are the reasons for a dog to shed?

A lack of protein, essential fatty acids and some vitamins may lead to poor coat condition, and thinning coat or shedding.

If my dog is losing hair, but not scratching, is there a problem?

Yes, balding without scratching may be a hormonal problem, which may be due to hypothyroidism or Cushing’s disease, and should be checked out by a vet.

Is stress a cause of balding in dogs?

Yes. Compulsive licking and chewing may occur with chronic stress or anxiety and can cause bald spots, especially on the legs and paws.

What is the treatment for hair loss in dogs?

Treatment depends on the underlying cause and can involve flea and parasite control, dietary adjustments, allergy management, antifungal or antibacterial drugs, and/or hormonal therapy.

Cat Heart Disease: What Every Owner Needs to Know

Cat heart disease is one of the most overlooked health dangers that affect cats in the modern world, and most likely you’ve never thought of it because cat’s are masters at hiding symptoms of their disease until a condition is serious. Cats do not usually have a heart murmur that their owners notice and a cat veterinarian will not catch as part of a routine physical exam, so cat heart disease symptoms often go undetected for months or years. We see cat heart disease at Grove Center Veterinary Hospital pretty frequently, before the owners even realize anything is amiss at home.

In this guide, you’ll find all the information you need to know about cat heart disease: the various types, common signs and symptoms, risk factors, and the diagnosis and treatment you can expect from your vet. Being able to recognize cat heart disease early will help with the quality of your cat’s life and her prognosis.

What is Cat Heart Disease?

Cat heart is an umbrella term for any disease of the cat’s heart that involves any abnormality of its structure or function. The most frequent type of heart disease in cats is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in which the walls of the left ventricle of the heart thicken too much, making it more difficult for the heart to pump blood properly. There are also other heart diseases in cats, such as dilated cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy and congenital heart defects, which are present at birth.

No matter what type of heart disease is present, if not diagnosed and treated, a cat can develop more serious issues such as congestive heart failure, blood clots and sudden cardiac episodes.

Cat heart comes in a variety of forms. There are several types of cat heart disease.

1. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM)

HCM is the most common type of heart in cats, and makes up the bulk of feline heart disease cases. In this form of cat heart disease, the heart muscle becomes thick, thus less space for blood to fill into the heart between beats.

2. Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM)

This is a less common type of cat heart which results in stretching and weakening of the heart chambers and decreases the heart’s pumping power. DCM has been associated with cat diets lacking in taurine, but is less common now because high quality commercial cat foods are more likely to have adequate levels of taurine.

3. Restrictive Cardiomyopathy (RCM)

In this type of cat heart , scarring occurs in the heart muscle, which causes the muscle to become hard and fail to relax and expand between beats.

4. Congenital Heart Defects

Congenital heart defects, including faulty heart valves and septal defects (holes in the heart chambers), are cat heart diseases present at birth.

What Causes Cat Heart Disease?

Although the cause of cat heart is not always known, certain risk factors have been identified:

• Breed: Some cat breeds, such as Maine Coons, Ragdolls and Sphynx cats, are more prone to cat heart disease, especially HCM.
• Age: Cat heart is more prevalent as cats get older, but may occur at any age.
• Hyperthyroidism: Secondary heart changes common in cat heart disease may be caused by an overactive thyroid.
• Chronic (high) blood pressure: Extra work on the heart from chronic hypertension is a known cause of cat heart disease.
• Taurine deficiency: Rare today, but in the past, taurine deficiency has been associated with some types of heart disease in cats.

The signs of cat heart disease are many

The symptoms of cat heart disease (CHD) can be very subtle and difficult to notice until the disease is well developed. Watch for:

• Short or rapid breathing, particularly while sleeping
• Abnormal breathing through the mouth in cats (open-mouth breathing).
• A state of sluggishness or inactivity, as in the muscles or the mind.
• Loss of appetite
• Sudden hind-limb weakness or paralysis, which may be a sign of blood clot
• Fainting or collapse
• Physical finding of a heart murmur or abnormal heart rhythm

In fact, there is no definite sign that a cat has cat heart disease until it’s quite advanced, which is why regular veterinary examinations are important.

How they can go undetected

A major challenge in the management of heart in cats is that they compensate well for the disease. Heart disease dogs may show signs of fatigue on walks, while cat heart disease may manifest as a little more sleep or a slight decrease in activity, which can be mistaken for the old age. That is why cat heart disease often is only found by chance; usually when a cat is having a routine exam and a veterinarian hears a heart murmur or irregular heartbeat over the stethoscope.

Diagnosis of cat heart disease

Your Grove Center Veterinary Hospital veterinarian will likely recommend a mixture of the following if your cat is suspected of having heart disease:

1. Physical exam: listening for heart murmurs, gallop rhythms, or irregular heartbeats.
2. Radiography (X-rays): to see if there is an enlarged heart or fluid in the lungs.
3. Echocardiogram (heart ultrasound): the best test to diagnose cat heart disease, shows the thickness of the heart wall and the function of the chambers.
4. Blood pressure measurement: a high blood pressure may contribute to and exacerbate cat heart disease.
5. Bloodwork: such as an NT-proBNP test which can detect cat heart disease even in the absence of symptoms.
6. Thyroid testing: eliminating hyperthyroidism as a cause.

If cat heart is diagnosed early, your veterinarian has a lot more choices to control the condition before it progresses to problems.

The 4 Treatment Options for Cat Heart Disease

Cat heart disease can’t always be cured, but it can often be well controlled through a proper treatment program developed by the veterinarian that may involve:

• Other medications to lower fluid accumulation, control heart rate or lower blood pressure
• Blood thinners to prevent the formation of harmful blood clots, especially in cats with HCM
• Adjustments to diet to support heart health and sodium control
• Follow-up echocardiograms and bloodwork is performed regularly.
• Management of any underlying disease that may be responsible for cat heart disease, such as hyperthyroidism or hypertension

Diagnosis is critical to determining the correct treatment plan for cat heart disease, as the type and stage of the disease play an important role in the treatment.

Managing a cat with heart disease at home

A cat with diagnosed heart disease may not be kept. A diagnosis of cat heart disease doesn’t necessarily mean a short remaining lifespan. With management, many cats will live happily for many years. At home, the following tips are helpful for a cat with cat heart disease:

• Taking medications as prescribed
• Keeping an eye on the changes in your cat’s breathing, particularly if they are resting or sleeping
• Ensuring follow-up appointments to track disease progression
• Lowering stress, as it can aggravate cardiac strain (stress hormones can play a role in this)
• Providing your cat with an appropriate diet recommended by your veterinarian, according to the type of heart disease your cat has.

Emergency Medical Attention

There are symptoms of cat heart disease that don’t call for a routine appointment and need immediate medical attention. If you notice your cat exhibits any of the following symptoms, please be sure to seek emergency care immediately:

• Sudden trouble breathing or open mouth breathing
• Collapse or fainting
• Sudden collapse of the rear legs or dragging the back legs
• Very sleepiness or un-responsiveness
• Pale or bluish gums

These symptoms may be a sign that cat heart disease has advanced to congestive heart failure or blood clot event, both of which are medical emergencies.

How Grove Center Veterinary Hospital Can Help

Cat heart disease is a tricky affair to diagnose and treat, and it depends on experience, the proper equipment, and a team of veterinarians who pay attention to subtle symptoms. We always routinely listen to your cat’s heart during a wellness exam at Grove Center Veterinary Hospital, as sometimes a cat will never display signs at home that they are suffering from heart disease until it is detected by their veterinarian. When your cat is diagnosed with cat heart disease, or you suspect you might be noticing signs, we are here to create a treatment plan that works for your cat.

Conclusion

Heart conditions in cats are widespread, frequently asymptomatic and are best treated when diagnosed promptly. While there are different types of cat heart disease, from hypertrophic to less common, dilated and restrictive, all these types are much easier to manage if caught early rather than when they start to show symptoms. Cats are extremely good at hiding their discomfort, and routine wellness exams are one of the most effective ways to detect heart disease, stop it from advancing, and gain insight into it. If you have any concerns your cat may be experiencing cat heart disease issues, please make a time for your cat to receive a comprehensive cardiac examination at Grove Center Veterinary Hospital.

Frequently Asked Questions

How can you tell if your cat has heart disease?

Often, no symptoms of early heart disease will be seen in the cat, and this is why it is often diagnosed at a routine health check-up. If signs are present, they can be lethargy, a loss of appetite, or a heart murmur.

Is there any way to cure cat heart disease?

Most types of heart disease in cats are not curable but can be treated successfully with medication, diet, and frequent checkups to help slow the disease and preserve quality of life.

Which breeds are the most susceptible to cat heart disease?

Maine Coon, Ragdolls and Sphynx cats are more prone to some types of cat heart disease, particularly HCM.

What is the diagnosis of cat heart disease?

Cat heart disease diagnosis is performed using physical examinations, chest X-rays, echocardiograms, blood tests and blood pressure measurements.

Can cat heart disease be fatal?

Yes, untreated or undiagnosed cat heart disease may lead to congestive heart failure, life-threatening blood clots or cardiac events.

At what age should cats be screened for heart disease?

The heart should be examined during all feline wellness exams, but an echocardiogram should be performed if a feline has a murmur or other predispositions.

The Complete Guide to a Dog Health Checkup: Why Every Dog Owner Needs One

All dog owners are looking for a long and healthy life for their beloved pets—and the best way to assure that is to get your dog a routine dog health checkup. A dog health exam isn’t a once-a-year procedure you do because you have to; it’s a preventative measure that is proactive and can detect issues before they escalate to a crisis. Puppies are bouncy, growing dogs, adults are active, and seniors are slower. A dog health checkup allows your veterinarian to give your dog a tune-up and make sure the engine is in good running order.

At Grove Center Veterinary Hospital, we know first-hand that a regular schedule of dog health checkups can make a difference for pets and pet owners. This guide explains why a dog health checkup is important, what you can expect at your appointment, how often you should have a checkup, what symptoms might indicate that you shouldn’t delay a checkup, and how to maximize your checkup success.

The Importance of a Dog Health Checkup Is Greater Than You Realize

Dogs are masters of masking their symptoms and signs of pain and disease. Weakness in the wild is a vulnerability and your dog’s willingness to sleep on the couch hasn’t taken that away. This is one of the reasons a dog health checkup is essential—it’s because a trained professional can see inside the dog and pick up on the subtle changes that you, as a loving non-clinical observer, might not notice.

A complete dog health examination can detect early symptoms of:

• Dental disease, which is a major cause of dog pain, and is common to most dogs by three years of age.
• Increased body weight and the resulting stress on the joints.
• Heart murmurs or irregular heart rhythms.
• Skin health issues, along with allergies and parasites.
• Kidney or liver changes at an early stage that can be seen in blood tests.
• Poor eyesight or hearing, particularly in older dogs.

These problems can go unnoticed until they become more painful and costly to treat, without routine health examinations. Reactive treatment is almost always more stressful for your dog and it is more expensive than preventative treatment.

What Happens During a Dog Health Checkup?

If you’ve never been to one before, you should have no reason to worry, as you and your dog will know what to expect. A routine examination at Grove Center Veterinary Hospital usually comprises the following:

1. A Thorough Physical Checkup

Your veterinarian will examine your dog’s eyes, ears, teeth and gums, skin and coat, joints and abdomen. This hands-on part of the dog health exam frequently is the first indication of a problem, whether it’s a lump under the skin or a joint that’s tender.

2. Body Condition Score (BCS) and Weight

A dog health checkup will include weight management. Your vet will use your dog’s body condition score to see if they are underweight, have the perfect weight, or are overweight which may put strain on your dog’s heart and joints over time.

3. Heart and Lung Auscultation

The vet uses a stethoscope to hear abnormal lung sounds, murmurs, or irregular heartbeats. This part of the dog health checkup is fast but vital, as cardiac and respiratory problems may be dormant for lengthy periods of time.

4. Dental Assessment

A dental examination is nearly always a part of a dog health checkup, since dental disease is extremely prevalent. Build up of tartar, gum inflammation, and loose teeth are all early signs that can be detected to prevent a painful dental emergency.

5. Vaccines and Deworming

A dog health check is when core vaccines should be updated and flea, tick and heartworm prevention should be discussed, depending on the age and past experiences of the dog.

6. Bloodwork and Diagnostic Testing

Bloodwork can be a component of a dog health checkup for adult and senior dogs to assess organ function, blood cell counts and screen for conditions that may not have any external symptoms.

7. Behavioral and Lifestyle Discussion

A thorough dog health exam doesn’t just involve the body. Your veterinarian will want to know what you are feeding, how much you are exercising, how much you are sleeping, and if there have been any changes in behavior since you began noticing that there is a problem. The reason is that all of this information can help identify the cause of the health issue.

How Many Dog Health Examinations Are Frequent Enough?

Your dog’s health checkup frequency will vary greatly depending on your dog’s age and health condition:

• Puppies (under 1 year): Dog health checks every 3-4 weeks until the dog is fully vaccinated and then bi-annually.
• Adult dogs (1-7 years): One dog health checkup every year is normally enough for healthy adult dogs.
• Senior dogs (7+ years): Senior dogs should have a dog health checkup every 6 months as age-related issues can rapidly develop.

If your dog has a chronic disease, a more regular dog health checkup schedule may be recommended by your veterinarian to track the continued treatment of your dog’s chronic health issue.

Following this rhythm will mean your dog’s health is not up for speculation. Having a predictable dog health checkup schedule also helps your veterinarian spot any changes year over year, whether they be a loss of mobility, weight gain or loss, or bloodwork changes.

Indications That Your Dog Needs a Checkup Sooner Than Scheduled

Dogs have a schedule for a routine health exam, but certain symptoms do not warrant a waiting period. If you see any of the following signs, please contact Grove Center Veterinary Hospital immediately:

• Sudden weight loss or gain
• Weakness or unwillingness to walk
• Changes in eating or drinking habits
• Throwing up, diarrhea, or blood in stool
• Lameness or inability to stand up
• Excessive scratching and loss of hair
• Drooling and/or pawing at the mouth, with foul odor
• Wheezing, coughing, or difficulty breathing

Any of these should be the reason for a dog’s health checkup earlier than later, as early intervention will most likely result in a better outcome.

How to Prepare for Your Dog’s Checkup

Some planning can make a dog health exam efficient and effective:

1. Record any changes that have occurred in appetite, energy, bathroom needs, or behavior.
2. If your vet needs to get a stool sample for parasite screening, bring a stool sample with you.
3. Include prescribed medications and supplements currently being taken and dosages.
4. Keep track of treats and table scraps that your dog is eating.
5. Calm your dog before arriving; take a stroll to expend nervous energy.

Your vet will be able to use the time efficiently and make sure that the dog health checkup is complete and relevant to your pet’s current situation.

How Much Does a Dog Health Checkup Cost?

The expense of a dog health checkup depends on your dog’s age, the tests that are performed, and your area. The most basic wellness exam is the least expensive; a dog health checkup with bloodwork, vaccinations, or dental cleaning is more expensive. Many veterinary hospitals, such as Grove Center Veterinary Hospital, provide wellness plans that combine routine examinations, vaccinations, and other preventative measures for the dog into a fixed payment structure, thus helping you to more easily plan for your dog’s future health requirements.

Why Select Grove Center Veterinary Hospital for Your Dog’s Checkup?

Dog health checks are not all the same. We perform a comprehensive, relaxed, and thorough exam for each dog at Grove Center Veterinary Hospital which includes hands-on and innovative diagnostic techniques. A dog health checkup should provide answers, but not more questions. We strive to have a long-term partnership with you and your dog, and each visit comes with a baseline understanding of what we’ve learned about your dog’s past and patterns.

If you haven’t been to the veterinarian in a long time, now is the perfect time to book a dog health exam and be sure your dog receives the preventive care he deserves.

Conclusion

One of the easiest and best things you can do for your dog’s lifelong health is to have them examined for their health. From the early detection of dental disease to the early detection of a heart murmur, routine vet visits make a difference in your pet’s health. It’s important for puppies, adults, and seniors to have regular checkups on their health, and it can be helpful to know the signs to look for that warrant a visit sooner rather than later. Please do not let a little problem become a big problem—book your dog’s next appointment with Grove Center Veterinary Hospital and make your best friend a healthier dog.

Frequently Asked Questions

At what interval should I get my dog a health checkup?

Generally, a dog’s health examination should occur once a year for adult dogs, more often for puppies in the first year of their life, and every six months for senior dogs.

What should be part of a routine dog exam?

A normal exam will consist of a physical examination, weight check, heart and lung exam, dental exam, review of vaccination status, and sometimes blood tests or tests for parasites.

What is the price of a dog health checkup?

The expense of a dog health checkup varies, and can include anything from a simple checkup to bloodwork and vaccinations or dental cleaning. Grove Center Veterinary Hospital can give you a custom quote.

Are there ways to detect diseases in a dog in the early stages with a health checkup?

Yes. A dog health checkup looks for things such as dental disease, obesity, heart disease, and organ problems before they reach serious proportions; often this is accomplished by physical examination and bloodwork.

What should I bring to my dog’s exam?

To get the most out of the dog health checkup, take a list of any symptoms or behavior changes, current medications, and a stool sample if requested.

Do I need to take my dog to a health checkup if he/she appears healthy?

Yes. Dogs are careful in showing symptoms of illness and a dog health checkup can detect hidden problems that may not be evident at first hand, even in a dog which looks absolutely healthy.

The Complete Guide to a Cat Wellness Exam: Why Every Cat Owner Needs One

Cats hide their illness with style, and that’s why one of the best ways to care for your cat is to have a cat wellness examination. Cats are often not outwardly showing signs of pain or disease until it is really quite advanced, so the best way to detect an issue early is to schedule a cat wellness exam. A cat wellness exam is a great time for your veterinarian to examine all of your cat’s systems before problems begin to arise; whether your cat is a playful kitten, an independent adult or a slowpoke senior cat, it’s a perfect time to check all of your cat’s systems.

Here at Grove Center Veterinary Hospital, we know how having a regularly scheduled cat wellness check-up can directly contribute to the length and quality of a cat’s life, and the peace of mind of its owner. This step-by-step guide will cover everything you need to know about a cat wellness exam including why it’s important, what to expect during the exam, when to schedule a wellness exam, when to avoid waiting for one, and how to prepare for the exam so your cat can make the most of it.

Why a Cat Wellness Exam is Even More Important Than You Think!

A cat that is weak is preyed upon by other animals in the wild, and that is still true in your home, even if your cat naps on a heated windowsill. That’s why it’s so important to have a wellness checkup—your veterinarian will get an opportunity to pick up on the subtle changes that even the most attentive cat owner may not notice.

During a comprehensive cat wellness exam, your veterinarian may discover the following early signs of:

• Most cats will develop dental disease and gum inflammation by 6 years of age.
• Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a very common disease in older cats.
• Hyperthyroidism and other hormonal disorders.
• Obesity and joint or metabolic stress associated with obesity.
• Heart murmurs or abnormal rhythms (arrhythmia).
• Fleas, ear mites and other external parasites.
• Older cats that are unable to see or hear properly.

Many of these conditions can silently develop for months or years, without ever presenting a problem at home, unless there is a regular cat wellness exam. Preventive care (via cat wellness exam) is almost always less taxing on your budget, and less stressful for your cat, than trying to treat an illness at an advanced and emergency stage.

During a Cat Wellness Exam

A cat wellness exam may be stressful for you and your cat if she’s never had one before, so it’s important to know what to expect to help calm her down. During a routine cat wellness checkup at Grove Center Veterinary Hospital, your veterinarian will examine your cat for:

1. A thorough physical exam.

Your vet will examine your cat’s eyes, ears, teeth and gums, skin and coat, joints and abdomen from nose to tail. From a small lump to a tender spot on the belly, this hands-on component of the cat wellness exam is the place where first indications of a possible problem may emerge.

2. Weight and Body Condition Score.

Tracking weight is vital to any cat wellness exam. Cats can gain or lose weight over time, and owners may not notice the changes, which is why you should have regular weight checks with your vet to check for any changes in your cat’s body condition score.

3. Auscultation of the heart and lungs.

Your veterinarian carefully examines your cat’s heart and lungs with a stethoscope. This component of a cat health checkup is short but vital, as cats often do not show signs of cardiac problems until they are in a serious state.

4. Dental Assessment.

Cats are almost always examined for their teeth and gums during a cat wellness exam as it is very common. If you are able to treat tartar buildup and gingivitis as soon as they are discovered, then you won’t experience the pain of having to pull teeth out later.

5. Vaccinations and Parasite Prevention.

A cat wellness exam is a good time to consider core vaccines and discuss flea, tick and parasite prevention depending on your cat’s age, lifestyle and indoor/outdoor activities.

6. Bloodwork and Diagnostic Testing.

Blood work may also be performed during a cat wellness exam to evaluate kidney and liver function, blood cell counts, and thyroid levels, as many problems in cats don’t present as external symptoms until they are more advanced, particularly for older cats and adults.

7. A discussion of behavior and lifestyle.

A complete cat wellness exam isn’t only about the physical body. Your veterinarian will inquire about changes in litter box patterns, appetite, water consumption and changes in behaviors, as these little things can point directly to a health problem.

How do I know when to schedule a Cat Wellness Exam?

Determining the correct exam frequency for a wellness examination will depend on your cat’s age and health:

• Kittens (less than 1 year): Cat wellbeing check every 3-4 weeks, until vaccinated series is complete, and then annual check-ups.
• Adult cats (1-7 years old): One wellness exam per year is usually sufficient for healthy cats.
• Cats over 6 years old (seniors): For senior cats, it is advisable to have a wellness exam every 6 months as age related diseases such as kidney disease and hyperthyroidism can develop rapidly.

If your cat has a chronic condition, your vet may suggest a more regular schedule of cat wellness exams to help monitor the necessity of continuing treatment and the effects of medications.

Sticking to this beat ensures that your cat’s health is never put in question. Regular visits to the veterinarian also help your vet notice small changes from one year to the next in your cat’s weight, bloodwork, mobility, and the like.

Signs that your cat needs a checkup sooner than scheduled

A normal cat health check-up will have a set schedule, but some signs indicate that you should not postpone the next scheduled check-up. If you see any of these signs, call Grove Center Veterinary Hospital immediately:

• Sudden weight loss or gain
• Notice of unusual or excessive drowsiness or sleepiness
• Appetite or thirst changes
• If they vomit, have diarrhea or strain in the litter box
• Stiffness or reluctance to jump
• Too much grooming, scratching or loss of fur
• Pawing at the mouth, drooling or bad breath
• Difficulty breathing, coughing or sneezing

If any of these signs are present, a cat should be seen sooner than later, because a cat is likely to be in a more advanced stage of illness if it shows these symptoms.

How to Prepare for Your Cat’s Wellness Exam

With a little preparation, a cat wellness exam will be smoother and more productive for everyone involved:

1. Record any changes that you have observed: appetite, energy, litter box behavior, or new behaviors.
2. If a stool or urine sample is required to be collected by your veterinarian for screening, bring a stool or urine sample.
3. List current medications/supplements and dosages.
4. Record the food your cat eats, treats and changes in food.
5. A secure and familiar carrier is used and a calming spray to reduce car and clinic anxiety is considered.

You can help your vet’s team get the most out of your appointment by arriving with a few questions in mind that will make the most of the time dedicated to the cat wellness exam.

What Does a Cat Wellness Exam Cost?

Wellness exams for cats are dependent on your cat’s age, what tests are performed, and where you are. A basic wellness exam is the least expensive, and bloodwork and vaccinations or dental cleaning will increase these prices. Grove Center Veterinary Hospital and other veterinary clinics provide wellness packages, which include regular check-ups, vaccinations, and screenings, all in one place for a predictable cost, to help you better plan for your cat’s future health care.

So why should you choose Grove Center Veterinary Hospital for your cat’s wellness exam?

All cats do not have the same type of wellness exam. We employ a gentle, comprehensive and cat-friendly method of examining your cat’s health at Grove Center Veterinary Hospital that combines hands-on inspection with the latest diagnostic technology that is designed to minimize stress for your feline patients. We feel that a cat wellness exam should answer your questions and give you a plan, and not more questions! We want to establish a relationship with you and your cat so that each visit, we can benefit from more information about your cat’s history and trends in health.

If you haven’t taken your cat to a wellness exam in a while, now’s the time to do so and provide your cat with preventive care that it deserves.

Conclusion

One of the most important things you can do for your cat’s long-term health is to get your cat a wellness exam, particularly when cats have the ability to finesse their way out of trouble. Vet check-ups can make a big difference in the life of your cat, from early detection of kidney disease to early recognition of a heart murmur before it becomes problematic. Regular cat wellness exam routine is good for kittens, adults, and seniors, and understanding when to seek a cat examination sooner than scheduled can make all the difference. Don’t let a minor problem get more serious, call Grove Center Veterinary Hospital to set up your cat’s next appointment and help your cat get the healthy life she deserves.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many times a year should I take my cat in for a wellness check-up?

Most healthy adult cats should have one exam a year, kittens should have more regular check-ups in their first year, and senior cats should have a check-up every six months.

What does a routine examination of cats include?

A routine feline health checkup will consist of a physical exam, weight check, check of the heart and lungs, dental exam, vaccine history review, and sometimes blood tests and/or parasite screen.

What is the price of a cat physical?

The price of a wellness exam for a cat can vary based on what is included in the exam, such as a routine check-up or an exam that includes bloodwork, vaccines, and/or dental care. Grove Center Veterinary Hospital will be able to give you a custom price.

What diseases can be detected early with a cat wellness examination?

Yes. A cat wellness checkup can detect problems such as kidney disease, hyperthyroidism, dental disease and heart disease before they get worse; it may be done through physical exams and blood tests.

What can I expect to have to bring to my cat’s wellness exam?

If your vet asks to bring a stool sample, urine sample, and/or a list of symptoms or behavior changes, you should do so to help your vet maximize the cat wellness exam.

Does my cat need a wellness checkup if he or she appears healthy?

Yes. A cat wellness exam may find problems that are not apparent to the cat’s owner, even if the cat looks like it is healthy.

Cat Asthma Symptoms : What Every Owner Needs to Know Cats with cat asthma may have had one or more sudden bouts of coughing that seemed more like hairball, and yielded no hairballs; or notice wheezing after playing. It is more prevalent than many pet owners imagine and if not managed can become a serious, life threatening emergency.

At Grove Center Veterinary Hospital, we frequently assist cat owners in discovering and treating cat asthma to improve their cat’s quality of life and ability to live full active lives. This guide explains the symptoms to look for, what causes asthma flares and how it is usually diagnosed and treated.

What Is Cat Asthma?

Cat asthma is a chronic inflammatory lower airway disease that is very similar to human asthma. Cats with asthma can overreact to irritants or allergens, causing the airways to become inflamed, the muscles around the airways to tighten, and excess mucous secretions to accumulate. This combination causes narrowing of the airways and makes breathing more difficult.

Cat asthma tends to develop in cats in their early to middle age, but can occur at any point. Though any cat can suffer from cat asthma, it seems to be more common in Siamese cats and other cats with a slender body type.

Typical signs of cat asthma Symptoms.

The signs of cat asthma may be confused with other health issues such as hairballs or upper respiratory infections, so it’s frequently misdiagnosed or overlooked. The following are some of the main symptoms.

• 1. Coughing Recurring or chronic coughing is a characteristic symptom of cat asthma. Is commonly called a hacking cough or a crouching cough by owners and sometimes confused with attempting to vomit a hairball. If your cat coughs a lot, but doesn’t cough up anything, cat asthma could be a suspect.
• 2. Wheezing One of the most common symptoms of cat asthma is a whistling noise when breathing, particularly when your cat is exhaling. The narrowing of the airways is what causes wheezing to happen, giving the air the distinctive sound.
• 3. Rapid or laboured breathing. Asthma-afflicted felines tend to breathe faster than usual, or seem to be working harder to breathe, even during rest. It’s possible that you will see their chest and abdomen rise and fall more significantly with their breathing. This is one of the symptoms associated with cat asthma and if it worsens during an attack, it is imperative that it be addressed ASAP.
• 4. Open-Mouth Breathing Cats will not breath through their mouths unless they are very stressed, over heated or having trouble breathing. A cat’s asthma is a serious condition in which the cat’s mouth is open and requires immediate veterinary attention.
• 5. Dullness and decreased activity A cat with cat asthma might become easily fatigued while playing or appear to be less active than normal. There is increased difficulty in breathing, and daily living becomes more challenging.
• 6. Hunched Posture During Breathing Episodes Cats will crouch down, lower their neck and hunch their shoulders during an asthma attack to allow as much air to pass through their airways as possible. When this posture is coupled with noticeable breathing effort, it is a good sign of cat asthma.
• 7. Small amounts of blue-tinged gums or tongue. Small amount of blue gingiva or tongue. A severe lack of oxygen may lead to a bluish color of a cat’s gums or tongue, called cyanosis. This is a life-threatening sign of cat asthma and should be treated medically.

Triggers for Cat Asthma Flare-Ups?

Environmental allergens and irritants are linked to cat asthma. Common triggers include:

• The smoke and dust from cigarettes or cigars
• These items are potential sources of dust and dusty cat litter.
• Household cleaning sprays and aerosols
• There are also air fresheners, candles and incense.
• Pollen and mold spores
• Perfumes and colognes
• The risk is high when there is any smoke or dust from the fireplace or from building renovations.

Long-term treatment for cat asthma involves identifying and avoiding these triggers, which is done in addition to cat asthma medication.

What are the ways of diagnosing cat asthma?

Unfortunately, there is no single test that will confirm the diagnosis of cat asthma. Luckily, there are several methods used to diagnose it. Your vet may prescribe:

• Chest X-rays to rule out a pattern of the lungs typical of cat asthma
• Parasite, infection or other underlying condition ruled out with bloodwork.
• Fecal testing to eliminate lungworm as a cause of similar symptoms

In more complicated cases:

• Bronchoscopy or airway wash – to look inside the airways directly and take samples

As cat asthma can have symptoms similar to heartworm disease, bronchitis and even heart disease, it is important to do a proper workup to rule these lookalikes out prior to beginning treatment.

Treating Cat Asthma

Cat Asthma doesn’t have to ruin your life, with the right treatment plan it’s very manageable not to mention completely curable. Common approaches include:

• Corticosteroids Anti-inflammatory medicines, either taken by mouth, injected into a vein or taken by the cat’s breath, are the foundation of cat asthma treatment. They help to lower irritation of the air passages and prevent flare-ups.
• Bronchodilators These drugs relax muscles around the airways allowing cats to breathe more easily during an asthma attack. In cases of more severe cat asthma, they are commonly used in combination with the corticosteroids.
• Inhaler Therapy Inhalers with a feline specific spacer device are now recommended by many veterinarians because they can administer medication directly into the lungs with less systemic side effects to cats. This has been a growing trend in long-term asthma treatment of cats.
• Environmental Management One of the easiest steps to take in minimizing exposure to known triggers is an integral part of cat asthma management. Using low dust litter, avoiding aerosol sprays in the house around your cat and improving the air quality in the house will all make a difference.

Cat Asthma v Other Respiratory Conditions

Another problem with cat asthma is that symptoms can be confused with a number of other disorders, which is why it is quite important to make an accurate diagnosis. For instance, Heartworm associated respiratory disease may cause coughing and difficulty breathing which is very similar to cat asthma, but requires a completely different treatment strategy. However, coughing and congestion are also common with upper respiratory infections (and may be part of the same infection), but typically there is nasal discharge, sneezing or eye discharge that are not seen with cat asthma. Another one that has a similar appearance to cat asthma is chronic bronchitis, and in some instances, the same drugs are used to treat it although the cause is somewhat different. Veterinarians use imaging and laboratory tests, not just symptoms, to make a cat asthma diagnosis, hence this.

50% of cats that develop asthma will experience long-term symptoms.

If you have been told that your cat has asthma, you and everyone else may be worried that your cat’s life will be shorter or harder, but this isn’t the case. Most cats with asthma will live a normal life and experience a good quality of life with a consistent treatment plan. The important thing is to be proactive, not reactive. Between flare-ups, cats with good asthma control may not exhibit any signs or symptoms, and many owners report that over time managing asthma in cats gets easier as they become more aware of their cat’s patterns and triggers. One of the most frequent causes of worsening cat asthma is the failure to take medication or to take it consistently, so it’s important to get to know your veterinarian to create a plan that you can follow.

Asthma is a chronic condition that can be managed at home by cat owners, with the help of these tips.

Apart from medication, there are some small habits that can be beneficial to the control of your cat’s asthma:

• Use low-dust unscented litter, which will minimize airborne irritants.
• Clean frequently to reduce household allergens: vacuum and dust frequently.
• Do not allow pets to smoke in your house or near you.
• Avoid using scented candles, incense and aerosol air fresheners.
• Maintain a symptom log to record the time of coughing/wheezing episodes and triggers if possible
• Keep your cat at a healthy weight as overweight felines may have more trouble breathing.
• Have regular veterinary check-ins to review treatment plan as necessary

These will not cure cat asthma, but they will help to make life more comfortable for your cat as the frequency and severity of flare-ups is significantly reduced.

When Cat Asthma Escalates into an Emergency

Asthma can get worse very rapidly. Open-mouth breathing, blue-tinged gums, great distress and inability to breathe are medical emergencies. Do not delay treatment for cats that are having an asthma attack as it can be life threatening. Get in touch with Grove Center Veterinary Hospital or your local emergency animal hospital as soon as possible!

Living With a Cat With Asthma

Cat asthma should not be treated as a Panic. With proper care, the majority of cats who have asthma will lead productive and pleasant lives. Having a record of when flare-ups occur and avoiding any known triggers, and following the doctor’s orders for medication, are all important factors in maintaining control of cat asthma. Regular check ups also enable your veterinarian to make necessary adjustments to the treatment as time goes on.

Conclusion

Feline asthma is a treatable, but potentially serious illness that every cat owner should be familiar with. When cats start to exhibit symptoms such as coughing and wheezing, or more severe symptoms, such as open-mouthed breathing and bluish gums, early detection allows treatment to be much more successful and potentially in time prevent serious attacks. When your cat is displaying any of these warning signs, don’t delay in seeking answers. At Grove Center Veterinary Hospital, we are here to diagnose, treat and manage cat asthma to help your cat breathe more comfortably and thrive.

Frequently Asked Questions

• How does a cat have an asthma attack? When a cat has an asthma attack, it usually starts with a sudden onset of coughing, wheezing, rapid and/or labored breathing, and hunched body posture with the neck extended. Cats can breathe with their mouths open in extreme cases and may have bluish gums.
• Are cats considered to have asthma? Cat asthma is like human asthma, with inflammation of the airways, muscle contraction and excessive mucus production, leading to a narrowing of the airways and making breathing difficult.
• Can cat asthma be cured? Although there is no cure for cat asthma, it can be well controlled with medication and by limiting exposure to environmental triggers, so most cats can enjoy a normal, active life.
• What causes cat asthma attacks? Typical offenders are smoke, dust, aerosol sprays, air fresheners, scented candles and dusty cat litter. Knowing and avoiding your cat’s triggers is essential to decreasing flare-ups.
• What are the signs that a vet will look for to diagnose cat asthma? Chest X-rays, blood tests, and fecal exams are used to diagnose cat asthma, while eliminating other conditions (such as heartworm disease or lungworm infection).
• If my cat has asthma symptoms, when should I take her to the emergency veterinarian? If your cat has an open mouth, gums that are blue colored, or seems to be in severe distress, please call the veterinarian right away for an emergency visit, instead of waiting for symptoms to go away.